Programming Fundamentals — What programming fundamentals covers; Variables and constants; Data types; Operators; The three constructs; Input, processing, output
Selection and Iteration — What are selection and iteration in programming?; Selection and iteration; Selection; Iteration (loops); FOR vs WHILE — which to use?
Arrays, Lists and Records — Storing lots of data together; Arrays; Lists; Records; Array vs record
Subroutines: Functions and Procedures — What is the difference between a function and a procedure?; What subroutines are; Why use subroutines?; Functions vs procedures; Parameters and arguments; Return values
String Manipulation — Working with text; Length; Getting part of a string (substrings); Joining strings (concatenation); Changing case; Converting between types (casting)