Negatives and Interrogatives

GCSE Spanish · Grammar

Negatives and Interrogatives

Forming negative sentences and asking questions accurately is tested across all four exam papers.

Negatives

The basic negative structure: no goes directly before the verb.

  • No como carne. — I don't eat meat.
  • No me gusta el deporte. — I don't like sport.

Double Negative Expressions

In Spanish, you often use two negative words:

SpanishEnglishExample
no ... nunca / jamásneverNo voy nunca al teatro. — I never go to the theatre.
no ... nadanothingNo hago nada. — I do nothing.
no ... nadienobodyNo conozco a nadie. — I don't know anyone.
no ... ningún/ninguno/ningunano / none / not anyNo tengo ningún hermano. — I have no brothers.
no ... tampoconeither / not eitherNo me gusta tampoco. — I don't like it either.
no ... ni ... nineither ... norNo como ni carne ni pescado. — I eat neither meat nor fish.
no ... ya nono longerYa no juego al fútbol. — I no longer play football.
todavía nonot yetTodavía no he terminado. — I haven't finished yet.

Alternative word order — the negative word can go before the verb, dropping no:

  • Nunca voy al teatro. — I never go to the theatre.
  • Nadie sabe la respuesta. — Nobody knows the answer.
  • Nada es imposible. — Nothing is impossible.

Negatives with Infinitives

No goes before the conjugated verb, not the infinitive:

  • No quiero salir. — I don't want to go out.
  • No puedo dormir. — I can't sleep.

Question Forms

Three main ways to ask questions:

1. Intonation (raise voice at the end):

  • ¿Tienes hermanos? — Do you have siblings?

2. Inversion (swap subject and verb):

  • ¿Hablas tú español? — Do you speak Spanish?

3. Question words (most common in exams):

SpanishEnglish
¿Qué?What?
¿Quién / Quiénes?Who?
¿Dónde?Where?
¿Cuándo?When?
¿Cómo?How?
¿Por qué?Why?
¿Cuánto/a/os/as?How much / many?
¿Cuál / Cuáles?Which?
¿Adónde?Where (to)?
  • ¿Dónde vives? — Where do you live?
  • ¿Cuántos hermanos tienes? — How many siblings do you have?
  • ¿Por qué estudias español? — Why do you study Spanish?
  • ¿Cuál es tu asignatura favorita? — What is your favourite subject?
  • ¿Adónde fuiste de vacaciones? — Where did you go on holiday?

Important Notes

  • Spanish questions always have ¿ ... ? — the opening inverted question mark.
  • Question words always have accents: qué, quién, dónde, cuándo, cómo, por qué, cuánto, cuál.
  • ¿Por qué? (why?) is two words with an accent. Porque (because) is one word, no accent.
  • ¿Cuánto? agrees: ¿cuánto dinero? ¿cuánta agua? ¿cuántos libros? ¿cuántas personas?

Exam Tips

  • In speaking, using question words confidently in the conversation impresses examiners.
  • In writing, include three or more different negatives across your response to show range.
  • In listening, negatives can completely change meaning — listen carefully for no and nunca/nada/nadie.
  • In role play, you must ask questions — practise the key question words until automatic.
  • Ningún shortens before a masculine singular noun: ningún problema (no problem).
Don't understand a part?

Sign in and ask our AI tutor to explain any passage in plain English.

Try AI explanations →

More on Grammar

Present Tense: Regular Stem-Changers and Reflexives Preterite and Imperfect Tenses Future and Conditional Tenses Pronouns: Direct and Indirect Object Adjective Agreement and Comparisons Ser vs Estar and Por vs Para Subjunctive and Complex Structures

← All GCSE Spanish notes